Optical diffusers based on uniform nano-sized polymer balls/nematic liquid crystals composite films

ABSTRACT

Optical diffusers are promising diffusing materials in the optical devices such as monitors, projectors, fibre optics, light-emitting diode (LED) systems and liquid crystal displays (LCDs). We report optical diffusers comprising uniformly distributed nano-sized polymer balls/nematic liquid crystals (LCs) by ultraviolet (UV) click reaction of ene monomer and thiol monomer. By optimising the mass ratio 1:1 of ene and thiol, of which the average diameter of the corresponding nano-sized polymer balls is about 900 nm, relatively high optical transmission and haze with 88.99% and 94.49% are yielded, respectively. Furthermore, by controlling the curing time, the average diameter of nano-sized polymer balls can be reduced to 810 nm, and the developed film exhibits high transmission (98.49%) without sacrificing the high haze (91.77%). This paper demonstrates that UV click reaction is an economical approach to fabricate optical diffusers in a controllable manner.     

初中化学“溶液”的项目式教学*——白砂糖的梦想之路

以“白砂糖的梦想之路”为项目学习主题,呈现了初中化学“溶液”的项目教学案例。基于棒棒糖的制作过程开发了系列学习任务,有助于学生在真实的问题情境中发展核心素养和构建灵活的知识基础。     

Effects of Polydispersity on the Phase Behavior of Additive Hard Spheres in Solution

The ability to separate enzymes, nucleic acids, cells, and viruses is an important asset in life sciences. This can be realised by using their spontaneous asymmetric partitioning over two macromolecular aqueous phases in equilibrium with one another. Such phases can already form while mixing two different types of macromolecules in water. We investigate the effect of polydispersity of the macromolecules on the two-phase formation. We study theoretically the phase behavior of a model polydisperse system: an asymmetric binary mixture of hard spheres, of which the smaller component is monodisperse and the larger component is polydisperse. The interactions are modelled in terms of the second virial coefficient and are assumed to be additive hard sphere interactions. The polydisperse component is subdivided into sub-components and has an average size ten times the size of the monodisperse component. We calculate the theoretical liquid–liquid phase separation boundary (the binodal), the critical point, and the spinodal. We vary the distribution of the polydisperse component in terms of skewness, modality, polydispersity, and number of sub-components. We compare the phase behavior of the polydisperse mixtures with their concomittant monodisperse mixtures. We find that the largest species in the larger (polydisperse) component causes the largest shift in the position of the phase boundary, critical point, and spinodal compared to the binary monodisperse binary mixtures. The polydisperse component also shows fractionation. The smaller species of the polydisperse component favor the phase enriched in the smaller component. This phase also has a higher-volume fraction compared to the monodisperse mixture.     

Asymptotics of eigenfrequencies of an elastic body with a heavy and hard peak-shaped inclusion

A heavy and hard peak-shaped inclusion in an elastic body provokes to concentration of eigenvalues in the low-frequency range of the spectrum and localization of the corresponding eigenmodes near the peak tip. To cite this article: S.A. Nazarov, C. R. Mecanique 335 (2007).     

AN INDIVIDUAL‐BASED MODEL FOR FERAL HOGS IN GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK

The expansion of feral hog (Sus scrofa) populations in the United States has resulted in increased efforts to develop and implement control strategies designed to minimize the impacts done by this invasive species. We describe an individual‐based model for feral hogs in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP). The objectives of the model are to provide an understanding of the population dynamics of this feral hog population and to determine the efficacy of the annual harvest as a population control method. Results suggest that the dynamics of the population are driven by fall hard mast production and the GSMNP harvests currently limit growth of the population, but these control efforts have not reduced the population.     

高温硬焊料准连续半导体激光器巴条叠阵的性能研究

以巴条叠阵结构及封装方法为基础,研制了一组高温硬焊料准连续半导体激光器巴条叠阵,并研究了其相关的光电性能和寿命特征。结果表明,所研制的器件在200 A的工作电流下,重复频率250 Hz、脉宽200 μs时,单巴峰值功率>200 W,50%光谱宽度<3 nm,电光转换效率>50%,寿命达到4.71×10⁹ shots时的功率衰减<15%;当工作电流为150 A时,预期寿命高达1.5×10¹⁰ shots。     

锐缘硬质轮在金属表面的滚动与滑动

在工程应用的很多摩擦对偶中，往往有一方是锐形的，因此，研究锐形滑块的滚动与滑动具有重要的实用意义。以锐缘硬质轮在挤压铝和软钢两种平面试样表面的滚动和滑动为研究对象，考察了两种摩擦过程中材料的受力状况和变形状况，结果表明，要在同种金属试样表面造成相同宽度的槽痕，滚动法所需要的垂直负荷比滑动法所需要的大，然而滚动法所需要的切向牵引力却比滑动法所需要的小．对两种摩擦过程中界面上的应力与材料的强度性能之关系的分析讨论指出，滚动试验中接触界面上的正应力相应于变形材料的屈服应力，因而滚动试验可以作为材料硬度的一种测量方法；滑动试验中接触界面上的剪应力相应于变形材料的流动剪应力；但滚动试验中界面剪应力与材料的流动剪应力之间，以及滑动试验中界面正应力与材料的屈服应力之间却都没有直线关系．     

磁头/磁盘滑动接触下磁盘温度及热退磁临界条件的研究

采用二维轴对称有限元模型计算磁头/磁盘滑动接触下,铝质磁盘的稳态温度和热应力场以及热退磁临界条件.结果表明:磁盘温度在极短时间内升至摩擦稳态值,然后缓慢线性升高到最终稳态值;经过充分热传导和热交换后磁盘的温度梯度较小,此时磁层内的热应力集中分布于磁盘固定端边缘附近;磁盘的稳态温度和热应力均随速度增大而增大,且载荷越大其值增大越快;热应力小于1.2 GPa时所对应的速度和载荷为安全工况;温升大于373 K时所对应的工况将导致磁盘退磁.     

一种不锈轴承钢离子束增强沉积表面的微观分析和摩擦学性能研究

利用离子束增强沉积技术，在将Ｔｉ用Ａｒ＾＋束溅沉积到淬火态９Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ不锈轴承钢表面的同时，分别用Ａｒ＾＋，Ｎ＾＋和Ｃ＾＋轰击试样表面，制取了增强沉积的表面改性层